|

Investigation of the parameters of vacuum cementation of chromium and chromium-nickel steels

Authors: Vasilevich A.N., Evstafieva M.M.
Published in issue: #11(76)/2022
DOI: 10.18698/2541-8009-2022-11-840


Category: Metallurgy and Science of Materials | Chapter: Metal Science, Thermal Processing of Metals and Alloys

Keywords: chemical heat treatment, mild steel, vacuum carburizing, diffusion, effective layer thickness, kinetic coefficient, time, temperature, carbon concentration
Published: 08.12.2022

The paper considers the study of vacuum cementation of steels 20, 20X and 20X2H4A. The influence of parameters such as temperature and time of vacuum cementation on the nature of carbon distribution in the diffusion layer and on the effective thickness of the steel layer is analyzed. Experimentally established dependences show an increase in the thickness of the diffusion layer according to the parabolic kinetics of layer growth and the achievement of a constant value of the carbon concentration, which can be used as the basis for solving problems of modeling mass transfer in the future.


References

[1] Arzamasov B.N., Mukhina G.G., ed. Materialovedenie [Material science]. Moscow, Bauman MSTU Publ., 2008 (in Russ.).

[2] Suslov A.G. Inzheneriya poverkhnosti detaley [Engineering of a part surface]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 2008 (in Russ.).

[3] Gerasimov S.A., Kuksenova L.I., Lapteva V.G., et al. Mechanical properties of hot-working steels after activization of cementation process. Problemy mashinostroeniya i nadezhnosti mashin, 2014, no. 4, pp. 113–119 (in Russ.). (Eng. version: J. Mach. Manuf. Reliab., 2014, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 322–326. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1052618814040062)

[4] Gottstein G. Physical foundations of materials science. Springer, 2004. (Russ. ed.: Fiziko-khimicheskie osnovy materialovedeniya. Moscow, Binom. Laboratoriya znaniy Publ., 2009.)

[5] Pakhomova S.A., Fakhurtdinov R.S., Zhavoronkova E. et al. Investigation of the contact fatigue strength of high quality carburised steel. IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng., 2021, vol. 1129, art 012027. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1129/1/012027

[6] Makushina M.A., Klimkina A.A., Pakhomova S.A. Issledovanie tekhnologicheskoy nasledstvennosti raznykh sposobov tsementatsii [Study on technological heritage of different carburization methods]. Budushchee nauki-2016. Sb. nauch. st. 4-y Mezhd. molodezh. nauch. konf. T. 4 [Future of Scince-2016. Proc. 4th Int. Youth Sci. Conf. Vol. 4]. Kursk, Universitetskaya kniga Publ., 2016, pp. 86–89 (in Russ.).

[7] Lashnev M.M., Smirnov A.E., Semenov M.Y. Use of vacuum carbonitriding for raising the seizure resistance of gears from steel VKS-10. Met. Sci. Heat. Treat., 2013, vol. 55, no 1-2, pp. 29–33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11041-013-9574-z

[8] Fakhurtdinov R.S., Ryzhova M.Yu., Pakhomova S.A. Advantages and commercial application problems of vacuum carburization. Vse materialy. Entsiklopedicheskiy spravochnik, 2016, no. 8, pp. 37–43 (in Russ.). (Eng. version: Polym. Sci. Ser. D, 2017, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 79–83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995421217010063)

[9] Pakhomova S.A., Ryzhova M.Yu., Fakhurtdinov R.S. et al. Contact fatigue and wear resistance of heat-resistant steel after different kinds of carburizing. Vestnik nauchno-tekhnicheskogo razvitiya, 2016, no. 9, pp. 19–28 (in Russ.).

[10] Semenov M.Y., Smirnov A.E., Ryzhova M.Y. Computation of carbon concentration curves in vacuum carburizing of steels. Met. Sci. Heat. Treat., 2013, vol. 55, no 1-2, pp. 38–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11041-013-9576-x

[11] Ryzhov N.M., Smirnov A.E., Fakhurtdinov R.S. Control of carbon saturation of the diffusion layer in vacuum carburizing of heat-resistant steels. Met. Sci. Heat. Treat., 2004, vol. 46, no 7-8, pp. 340–344. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MSAT.0000048845.35526.09

[12] Ryzhov N.M., Fakhurtdinov R.S., Gorbaletov N.V. Management of chemical composition, structure and properties of gear wheels during heat treatment. Vestnik mashinostroeniya, 1985, no. 9, pp. 16–20 (in Russ.).

[13] Pakhomova S.A., Unchikova M.V., Fakhurtdinov R.S. Gear wheels surface engineering by deformation hardening and carburization. Mater. Sci. Forum, 2016, vol. 870, pp. 383–391. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.870.383

[14] Kula P., Olejnik J., Kowalewski J. New vacuum carburizing technology. Heat Treatment Progress, 2001, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 57–65.

[15] Pakhomova S.A., Ryzhov N.M. Efficiency of the strain hardening of the rose steels. Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Series Mechanical Engineering, 1999, no. 2, pp. 61–68 (in Russ.).

[16] Atena H., Schrank F. Niederdruck-Aufkohlung mit Hochdruck-Gasabschreckung: Grundlagen, Einsatzmöglichkeiten und Anlagentechnik. HTM – J. Heat Treat. Mater, 2002, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 247–256.

[17] Pakhomova S.A., Ryzhov N.M., Vasil’ev V.R. Changes in the structure of martensite of iron-nickel alloys under the action of thermal shotblast treatment. Met. Sci. Heat. Treat., 2001, vol. 43, no. 11-12, pp. 438–439. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014855712535